Make | Format | Header | Endian 1) | Offsets 2) | Ref | Remarks
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Canon | IFD | None |  |  | [2] | Some CR2 images have a non-zero next-IFD pointer
Casio | IFD | - | - | - | [4] | Not supported by Exiv2 yet
FUJI | IFD, usually at offset 12 | Starts with the string "FUJI" and a 4 byte pointer to the IFD | Little-endian (II) | Relative to the beginning of the makernote | [1] | Exif data uses big-endian (MM) byte order
Minolta, KONICA MINOLTA | IFD | None |  |  | [5] | Camera settings tag is encoded in big-endian (MM) style, regardless of the encoding style of the Exif data
NIKON | IFD | None |  |  | [3] | Models using this makernote include E990, D1
NIKON | IFD, at offset 8 | "Nikon\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning |  |  | [1] | Models using this makernote include E700, E800, E900, E900S, E910, E950
NIKON | IFD, usually at offset 18 | "Nikon\0" followed by 4 bytes which look like a version code and a TIFF header | From makernote TIFF header | Relative to the start of the makernote TIFF header |  | Models using this makernote include E5400, SQ, D2H, D70, D100, D200. Makernote IFD of the D200 has no next-IFD pointer. (Is this a bug?)
OLYMPUS | IFD, at offset 8 | "OLYMP\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning |  |  | [1] |
OLYMPUS | IFD, at offset 12 | "OLYMPUS\0II" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning |  | Relative to the beginning of the makernote |  |
Panasonic | IFD without a next-IFD pointer at offset 12 | "Panasonic\0\0\0" |  |  | [8] |
PENTAX | IFD at offset 6 | "AOC\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning |  |  | [11] |
SAMSUNG | IFD | None |  | Relative to the beginning of the makernote |  |
Sanyo | IFD | - | - | - | [6] | Not supported by Exiv2 yet
SIGMA, FOVEON | IFD, at offset 10 | "SIGMA\0\0\0" or "FOVEON\0\0" followed by two bytes of unknown meaning |  |  | [7] |
SONY | IFD without a next-IFD pointer at offset 12 | "SONY DSC \0\0\0" |  |  |  | Seen in Jpeg images, e.g., from DSC-W7, DSC-R1
SONY | IFD | None |  |  |  | Seen in SR2 images, e.g., from DSC-R1

1) If not specified, the byte order of the Exif data is applicable.
2) If not specified, offsets are relative to the start of the TIFF header.